The manuscript collections in the Research Center include individual and family papers and institutional records, representing a broad range of activities and interests. The museum holds over 500 manuscript collections, ranging in size from a few items to over 150 linear feet. A diverse array of documents, such as letters, diaries, legal and financial documents, and printed material can be found in the collections, providing a firsthand record of life on the plains.
The collections are particularly deep in material related to ranching, petroleum exploration and development, politics, architecture, and art. The Research Center serves as a repository for non-current records of many Texas Panhandle local governments.
Finding aids are available in the museum for many collections. A card index provides additional access for other collections.